The terms diversity and inclusion are often used interchangeably. But while one does compliment the other, they still represent two uniquely different concepts. If understood correctly, diversity and inclusion can become tools which you can leverage in order to boost employee engagement, foster innovation, and increase market share, as well as set the foundations for a more equitable society. Sold on D&I yet? Let’s explore the main differences between diversity and inclusion, as well as how to get started on your D&I journey.
What is diversity?
Diversity refers to the range of differences within a group of people. Generally, this constitutes differences in protected characteristics like race, gender, age, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and physical abilities. For businesses, this translates to the workforce, where companies must ensure that historically marginalised groups have fair representation across their employee profile.
Why is this important? Fair representation gives underserved communities a voice; a seat at the table, if you will. It is the first step toward building a more equal society and undoing the mistakes of our past. A diverse workforce inspires a diverse and broad customer base, setting the bar for competitors who wish to compete. The result? Raised diversity standards and increased equality across entire industries.
What is inclusion?
If diversity is about giving marginalised groups a voice, inclusion is about ensuring this voice can be heard. Inclusion fundamentally stems from diversity. Once a diverse workforce has been created, strides can be made toward ensuring these once underrepresented groups have the tools at their disposal to thrive in their new environment.
What does this mean exactly? It means eliminating barriers that might make someone feel excluded based on their background or identity. It means ensuring everyone, once a part of the company’s workforce, has equal access to its resources, perks, and facilities. But to achieve this, reasonable accommodations must be made to cater for the newfound diversity.
This might involve putting certain policies in place, such as flexible working hours, to empower single parents or those with medical conditions. Access to assistive technologies might even be granted to disabled users as part of an inclusive working policy, allowing them to complete daily tasks effectively and without barriers.
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What are the differences between diversity and inclusion?
While diversity focuses on who is in the workplace, inclusion is about how those people are treated. Are they given the support and tools needed to succeed? Or are they brought into the community and left to fend for themselves?
Without inclusion, diversity risks turning into mere tokenism, where people from underrepresented groups feel that their presence is merely a box ticking exercise. This is because by its very nature, diversity is quantitative; it’s the ‘what’ and ‘who’ of hiring practices. Inclusion, on the other hand, is qualitative; it’s the ‘how’ and ‘why’. Knowing who you are hiring is not enough. Companies must understand why they are hiring a diverse workforce, and how they intend to support them.
Ultimately, diversity and inclusion are two sides of the same coin. You need diversity to achieve inclusion, but without inclusion, diversity is toothless. True success comes when diverse voices are not just present, but actively heard and valued. Achieving this is a balancing act between ensuring enough diversity and providing sufficient inclusion.
Below you can find a table that displays some of the key differences between diversity and inclusion:
| Diversity | Inclusion |
|---|---|
| Refers to the presence of differences within a given setting, such as varying racial, ethnic, gender, age, or cultural backgrounds. | Refers to creating an environment where those differences are valued, respected, and integrated. |
| Focuses on the “what” — bringing diverse individuals into a group or organisation. | Focuses on the “how” — ensuring that individuals feel accepted and are able to fully participate. |
| Can be measured quantitatively (e.g., by tracking demographics). | Is more qualitative, emphasising experiences, belonging, and engagement. |
| About representation: having different types of people in a group. | About involvement: ensuring everyone has equal access to opportunities and resources. |
| Primarily a structural or demographic concept. | Primarily a cultural or behavioral concept. |
| Can exist without inclusion (diverse but non-inclusive environments). | Cannot exist meaningfully without diversity (inclusion needs diversity to be relevant). |
| Example: A company hires employees from different backgrounds. | Example: A company ensures that all employees, regardless of background, are heard, valued, and supported. |
Tips to creating diversity and inclusion
Building a diverse workforce does not happen accidentally. It requires a concerted effort, which must flow from the top down in the corporate hierarchies.
Review hiring practices
Workforce diversity is largely dependent on implementing inclusive recruitment practices. This could mean eliminating biases from the hiring process by removing identifiable information from job applications. It may even mean writing inclusive job descriptions or widening your talent search to underrepresented groups by using promoted social media posts or targeting specific networking groups.
A good place to start is reviewing your job descriptions, interview processes, and promotion criteria. When reviewing, consider where barriers might prevent someone of protected characteristics from making it to the next stage, and seek to remove these barriers as much as possible.
You may even consider implementing a software, like Recite Me’s accessibility toolbar, to help make your recruitment process more inclusive. Tools like this make assistive technologies like screen readers available to your disabled users, via your website, while simultaneously giving them the opportunity to customise your website’s palette, font style, and text size according to their specific needs.
Educate your team
Unconscious biases are the hidden biases that influence our decisions and actions without us realising. As a result, they can be hard to spot, but can really pollute a company’s hiring processes if allowed to run rampant.
To prevent this, train your staff on unconscious bias and the importance of following diversity and inclusion best practices. You might choose to hold quarterly workshops where employees learn about unconscious bias, followed by open discussions to share insights. Raising awareness like this empowers individuals to act more thoughtfully, not just in recruitment, but in every aspect of corporate life.
Implement inclusive policies
Inclusive policies are crucial for making employees feel valued, and often include things like flexible working arrangements, accessibly designed office spaces, or comprehensive health and wellness benefits. Remote working could be offered to accommodate employees with caregiving responsibilities. Assistive technologies, like screen readers, could be given to disabled employees to help them be more effective in their roles. No matter the policy you choose to implement, make sure it is consistently enforced and supported by leadership; the policy’s success depends on it.
Make your website accessible
Every modern business has a website, but few are truly accessible to disabled users. Start by conducting an audit of your website to see which areas you should address first. The most effective way to do this is to use an automated auditing tool, like Recite Me’s accessibility checker, which scans your website for any non-compliant or inaccessible features.
This helps you to prioritise. So, from here, you can begin implementing change accordingly. Provide alternative text for images so they can be read by screen readers, ensure you are creating accessible videos with captions, and make sure your site uses accessible colour contrasts that are compliant with the standards set out in the web content accessibility guidelines (WCAG).
Create a culture of feedback
Encouraging a culture of feedback allows employees to openly share their thoughts and feelings about diversity and inclusion efforts. It fosters transparency and continuous improvement on D&I matters, ensuring that the company is responsive to the evolving needs of its workforce. Regular feedback also helps leadership identify areas where the business may unintentionally overlook inclusion.
But how exactly does a company go about creating a culture of feedback? Perhaps the most obvious way is to create open communication channels, such as anonymous surveys, regular one-on-one meetings, or suggestion boxes. All of these provide employees a safe space for sharing their thoughts without fear of judgment.
It’s all well and good collecting feedback, but it means nothing unless something is done about it. Leadership should actively act on feedback, and publicly acknowledge improvements made based on employees’ suggestions, reinforcing that their voices are heard and their suggestions valued.
Online Accessibility and Inclusion Toolkit
This year we published our Digital Inclusion Toolkit that was developed to help businesses make a real difference to the lives of the millions of people around the world who encounter online barriers. The 40 page document provides practical advice covering the complete landscape of online accessibility from how to write an accessibility statement to our top tips for providing an inclusive recruitment journey.
Benefits of diversity and inclusion
Of course, promoting diversity and inclusion, above all else, is the right thing to do. It levels the playing field, giving those from marginalised groups opportunities to succeed that they may not have otherwise had. But that doesn’t mean your business can’t benefit at the same time. Here are the main business cases for implementing diversity and inclusion practices throughout your organisation:
- Better decision-making: With a diverse range of perspectives in the workplace, teams are more likely to consider different angles and make better decisions as a result.
- Increased innovation: When a diverse workforce feels included, they are more likely to share, instead of harbouring, their thoughts and ideas.
- Improved employee output: Workers who feel valued, and have all the tools they need to succeed, are more likely to be committed in their roles and produce better work.
- Enhanced reputation: Businesses that embrace diversity and inclusion are more attractive to top talent and are seen as ethically conscious.
- Increased market share: It takes a diverse group to know one. A diverse workforce caters to a diverse customer base, helping to attract clientele from a wide range of backgrounds.
D&I-related legislation to be mindful of in Australia
In Australia, it is prohibited to discriminate on the basis of protected characteristics, including race, age, disability, sexual orientation, etc. These anti-discrimination laws are contained in the following pieces of legislation:
- Racial Discrimination Act 1975
- Sex Discrimination Act 1984
- Age Discrimination Act 2004
- Disability Discrimination Act 1992
The Disability Discrimination Act, or DDA for short, is particularly impactful. It prohibits disability-based discrimination across many areas of public life, including employment, education, renting or buying a house, and accessing public spaces, among other things.
Crucially, the law requires employers to make reasonable adjustments to accommodate employees with disabilities. This could mean providing a ramp at the office entrance to grant wheelchair users sufficient access, or it could mean making your website accessible to those with motor impairments by ensuring it is keyboard navigable.
In fact, when it comes to digital accessibility, understanding and adhering to the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) — a series of digital accessibility standards set out by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) — can take you a long way toward complying with broader laws like the DDA.
